See Why the Sky Is Blue and Sunset Is Red - Easy Experiment

The sky is blue on a sunny day, yet red or orange at sunrise and sunset. The different colors are caused by scattering of light in the Earths atmosphere. Here is a simple experiment you can do to see how this works: Blue Sky - Red Sunset Materials You only need a few simple materials for this weather project: WaterMilkTransparent container with flat parallel sidesFlashlight or cell phone light A small rectangular aquarium works well for this experiment. Try a 2-1/2-gallon or 5-gallon tank. Any other square or rectangular clear glass or plastic container will work. Conduct the Experiment Fill the container with  about 3/4 full of water. Turn on the flashlight and hold it flat against the side of the container. You probably wont be able to see the beam of the flashlight, although you may see bright sparkles where the light strikes dust, air bubbles, or other small particles in the water. This is much like how sunlight travels through space.Add about 1/4 cup of milk (for a 2-1/2 gallon container—increase the amount of milk for a larger container). Stir the milk into the container to mix it with water. Now, if you shine the flashlight against the side of the tank, you can see the beam of light in the water. Particles from the milk are scattering light. Examine the container from all sides. Notice if you look at the container from the side, the flashlight beam looks slightly blue, while the end of the flashlight appears slightly yellow.Stir more milk into the water. As you increase the number of particles in the water, the light from the flashlight is more stron gly scattered. The beam appears even bluer, while the path of the beam furthest from the flashlight goes from yellow to orange. If you look into the flashlight from across the tank, it looks like it is orange or red, rather than white. The beam also appears to spread out as it crosses the container. The blue end, where there are some particles scattering light, is like the sky on a clear day. The orange end is like the sky near sunrise or sunset. How It Works Light travels in a straight line until it encounters particles, which deflect or scatter it. In pure air or water, you cant see a beam of light and it travels along a straight path. When there are particles in the air or water, like dust, ash, ice, or water droplets, light is scattered by the edges of the particles. Milk is a colloid, which contains tiny particles of fat and protein. Mixed with water, the particles scatter light much as dust scatters light in the atmosphere. Light is scattered differently, depending on its color or wavelength. Blue light is scattered the most, while the orange and red light is scattered the least. Looking at the daytime sky is like viewing a flashlight beam from the side -- you see the scattered blue light. Looking at sunrise or sunset is like looking directly into the beam of the flashlight -- you see the light that isnt scattered, which is orange and red. What makes sunrise and sunset different from the daytime sky? Its the amount of atmosphere the sunlight has to cross before it reaches your eyes. If you think of the atmosphere as a coating covering the Earth, sunlight at noon passes through the thinnest part of the coating (which has the least number of particles). Sunlight at sunrise and sunset has to take a sideways path to the same point, through a lot more coating, which means there are a lot more particles that can scatter light. While multiple types of scattering occur in the Earths atmosphere, Rayleigh scattering is primarily responsible for the blue of the daytime sky and reddish hue of the rising and setting sun. The Tyndall effect also comes into play, but it is not the cause of blue sky color because molecules in air are smaller than the wavelengths of visible light. Sources Smith, Glenn S. (2005). Human color vision and the unsaturated blue color of the daytime sky. American Journal of Physics. 73 (7): 590–97. doi:10.1119/1.1858479Young, Andrew T. (1981). Rayleigh scattering. Applied Optics. 20 (4): 533–5. doi:10.1364/AO.20.000533

The Case Of Shooting An Elephant By George Orwell

The Use of the Other to Define Oneself A large number of successful authors have one common trait in their writing: they create a powerful narrative or argument through the concept of an other, a person or group who opposes the authors view. To choose one side of a conflict is to give an indication of what the persons beliefs, motivation, and identity are. In the case of Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell, he establishes his beliefs with the actions of Burmans, which he portrays as the others. He states that, â€Å"It was a bit of fun to them†¦it made me vaguely uneasy. I had merely sent for the rifle to defend myself† (438). Orwells point is to make a sharp contrast between the narrator and the Burmans so that their values could be†¦show more content†¦For a person to be a stranger, it means that a person knows nothing about them to truly trust them. Using the word take also establishes how they were forced against their will to give their belongings. Chief S eattle is trying to make the point that the others are the type of people who do not care about their kind and have little morals. In fact, the use of putting the setting at night is also significant because it demonstrates how white people know that their actions are wrong but are still willing to follow them. By setting up the attributes of the people, he can promote that he does not have the same qualities. In addition, he also adds the idea of modesty in his identity through the description of the white man leaving at night to take the belongings of others. Nevertheless, booth followers and critics of the idea of the other in writing will probably argue that Chief Seattle could have gotten his point across by just talking about the damage that has occurred to the environment with no mention of a culprit. Yet, it would leave people with an unsatisfied conscious because people like to put the blame on one person or a group of people. If a person did not add another group or person that opposes the author, it would remove the authors credibility and give them an artificial identity. In another section of the letter to President Pierce, Chief Seattle startsShow MoreRelatedShooting An Elephant By George Orwell1246 Words   |  5 PagesSalma Kingu Professor: Michael English: 1301 Essay 2 Summer: 06/26/2017 â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† by George Orwell In the 1950, George Orwell was a police officer during the British Empire in lower Burma, India who was ill- educated and secretly hated his job due to the dirty works and evil of colonialism; George Orwell wrote the story about shooting an elephant. Shooting an Elephant is a story which describes how the British occupiers were badly treating the Burmese by killing and terrorizedRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Shooting An Elephant1154 Words   |  5 Pagesauthority? Are we sheep’s who only do what we are told. Is that the same in Orwell’s case? John F Kennedy once said, â€Å"A man does what he must - in spite of personal consequences, in spite of obstacles and dangers and pressures - and that is the basis of all human morality.† Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell he touches base on morality which makes the reader question their beliefs. In Shooting an Elephant, George Orwell’s works as a sub-divisional police officer in the British colony of BurmaRead MoreGeorge Orwell s The Elephant1608 Words   |  7 Pagescontroversial topic, did George Orwell want to assassinate the elephant? George Orwell was a sub divisional police officer in Burma that acted under pressure. Despite several claims, George Orwell opposed imperialism and its rules, yet his actions have muddled several and has caused them to think otherwise. In the beginning of the story, Orwell is essentially harassed and laughed at by the Burmese because he is associated with the British. 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From my perspective, I believe that even though George Orwell claimed that he was against the imperialist, British culture; â€Å"I was all for the Burmese and against their oppressors, the British† (Orwell, Shooting an Elephant, par. 2), he wasRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Shooting An Elephant1165 Words   |  5 PagesIn George Orwell’s story ‘Shooting an Elephant’, insight is given into the life of an oppressor in the British Empire. Orwell, having undergone a significant personal experience, illustrates his experience of imperialism and the resounding effects is has on the ethical conduct and ideals of man, not only of the oppressed but also in regards of the oppressor. Orwell’s ‘Shooting an Elephant’ attempts to convey the sacrifice of one’s morality in service of imperialism. Through the spread of the BritishRead MoreOrwell and Langston - Shooting an Elephant and Salvation Essay612 Words   |  3 Pagessocieties approval. George Orwell in â€Å"Shooting an elephant† and Langston Hughes in â€Å"Salvation† deal with the issue of â€Å"fitting in† in very different ways. George Orwell describes to us in â€Å"Shooting an elephant† the struggle that his character faces when to win the mobs approval and respect when he shoots down an innocent animal and sacrifices what he believes to be right. Orwell is a police officer in Moulmein, during the period of the British occupation of Burma. An escaped elephant gives him the opportunityRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of George Orwell s Shooting An Elephant 1272 Words   |  6 PagesRhetorical Analysis of George Orwell’s â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† George Orwell, a journalist and an author of 1903 through 1950, is not only the author of â€Å"Shooting an Elephant,† but surprisingly, he is also the narrator and the main character. Orwell’s narrative essay of 1936 takes place in squalid, British-occupied Moulmein, lower Burma. To begin, in the opening of his piece, Orwell describes himself as a young, British police officer who, ironically, despises the British imperial project in BurmaRead MoreAn Analysis Of Shooting An Elephant By George Orwell1147 Words   |  5 Pageswhere he is hated and pressured by a large number of people. George Orwell had made up his mind that imperialism was an evil thing and the sooner he chucked up his job and got out of it the better. As for his believe, â€Å"he was theoretically and secretly all for the Burmese and all against their oppressors, the British.† In the short story, â€Å"Shooting an Elephant†, George Orwell is face with an incident that leads him to shoo t the elephant at the end of the story. Trough out the story he is faced with

Communication in Business for Hofstede Models - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCommunication in Business for Hofstede Models. Answer: Introduction The present study analyzes about given case study that highlights on the significance of cross cultural communication while expansion of business in new market. Cross cultural communication is crucial for the business as it helps to build international customers, business partnerships and relationship with employees. This study reflects that Mary being an Australian businesswoman wishes to expand her business in China but is not certain about how to conduct business with the Chinese (Bochner 2013). The Chinese business etiquette along with the strategies adopted by the businessman for expanding business in China is also explained in this essay. Furthermore, the method that Mary should implement for conducting business with the Chinese is mainly discussed in this essay. In order to address this section, few recommendations are also provided in this study. In context to this, the occurrence of potential cross- cultural miscommunication is also elucidated in this essay by applying Hofst ede models of culture. Chinese business Etiquette Business etiquette refers to the set of behavioral standards in which every individual treats others respectfully and also exhibit good manners in every interaction. Good etiquette in the business helps to protect the employees and business owners from conflicts by setting high business standard by all (Chua 2012). Proper business etiquette provides impression to the clients that business has successful as well as productive environment. Business etiquette generally differs among the countries. It has been opined by Guffey Loewy (2012) that, Chinas business culture and practices differs from other developed nations. If the business owner plans to expand the business in China, then it is necessary to understand local customs of Chinese business etiquette in order to attain success. Business in this nation heavily depends on the personal relationships. Although doing the market research is vital in China, personal relationship is also essential for achieving success in business. Howev er, it is extremely important to establish as well as maintain good relation with the government officials and business contract in this nation. There are some proper ways of starting relationship building procedure in Chinese business, which involves- Attending the networking events of the industry Following up specially on personal introductions Contacting associations within the industry and municipal investment However, adopting this relationship building procedure will facilitate the business owner to introduce open culture within the business and attract large number of workers. This in turn increases total productivity within the business and achieve the target within a specified time period. Furthermore, it is also vital to remain conscious about the potential scams that might be encountered while doing business in China (Okoro 2012). Some of the common scams are given below: Some unknown Chinese business enterprise might approach new business owner with huge purchase order of considerable value Another instance that occurs in Chinese business is insisting on a specific contract quickly Some of the Chinese business also insists new business owners to come to this nation for signing the contract as well as pay notarization fee However, it is necessary to become aware and understand the business practice and etiquette before notarizing contract in China. It has been founded by some researcher that the Chinese are highly affected by Confucianism that give emphasis to respect for authority, age and education. Although modern Chinese might not follow the Confucian principles in rigid way, these principles still continues to strengthen several customs as well as business practices. However, the business entering the Chinese market is bounded to follow these principles for maintaining etiquette (Taras, Steel Kirkman 2012). Within Chinese culture value system, the Confucianisms main value of politeness and etiquette is the vital foundation of the business dealings in this country. In addition to this, these patents in numerous practical customs are important for effectively engaging with the Chinese business. As building good relationships and trust are crucial in the Chinese business, proper communication with potential clients and business partners is necessary. Apart from this, the Chinese business people always prefer to create good relationship with the clients before closing the deal in order to achieve success and attain more contracts. Ting-Toomey (2012) opines that one of the Chinese business etiquette is to greet their clients by bowing heads and shaking hands. Additionally, Chinese business cards are also exchanged while meeting their clients. Besides this, body language, art of conversations and dress codes are some of the business etiquettes that are prevalent in Chinese business. Apart from this, offering gift is another common Chinese business etiquette that the business visitors maintains while doing business with this nation. Methods that Mary can apply for making favorable first impression while visiting China to meet manager of popular store The steps that Mary can use for making favorable impression while visiting China to meet the manager of popular store are given below: Firstly, as first impression and appearances are vital in business culture of China, dressing conservatively will aid to signify modesty as well as status Secondly, as Mary is going to meet senior Chinese manager, entering room in proper order will help to demonstrate huge respect towards the manager. Thirdly, as handshake is general way of greeting Chinese counterpart, Mary can initiate this gesture for showing respect towards this Chinese manager Fourthly, as body language is crucial in Chinese business, the body posture should be formal as well as attentive since it demonstrates respectfulness and self- control. However, staying composed throughout the whole conversation will help to make favorable impression. Fifthly, as Chinese business people are careful about negative statements, Mary must maintain good art of conservations. Sixthly, presenting business card to the Chinese manager will also help to show respect towards the Chinese manager. However, presenting the card in proper manner is also crucial for maintaining business etiquette. Areas of potential cross -cultural miscommunication using Hofstede cultural model Cross- cultural communication has become crucial to expansion of business in the global marke (Carbaugh 2013). This mainly deals with the varied business customs, communication strategies and beliefs. The Hofstede cultural dimension theory mainly constitutes the framework that revolves around cross cultural communication According to Hofstede, difference in values are the main barriers in cross- culture communication. Hofstede proposed that there are some national as well as regional factors that contribute to the business culture. It mainly illustrates the impact of culture of society on values of the members. If the enterprise cannot manage differences in culture, it might lead to cultural conflict and miscommunication. This in turn impacts the relation between employees and managers and thus creates gap between them. There are few cultural dimensions of Hofstede model, which includes-high or low context cultures, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, collectivism vs individualism, long term vs short term orientation. In fact, these are the major factors that create cross -cultural miscommunication, which are explained below: Language barriers- Language usage has discrete differentiation among the cultures. However, misunderstandings arise in communication owing to improper application of language or varied interpretations of words. Apart from this, if the people speak similar languages in several nations, then also it can create miscommunication owing to varied cultural backgrounds. As the Chinese people speaks different languages, the business owners of other nations faces difficulties in understanding their language and this creates cross- cultural miscommunication. High context vs low context cultures- For the people with low- context culture, the people apt to be the indirect communicators and thus do not reveal information with other people (Hurn and Tomalin 2013). On the other hand, people living in high context culture tend to interpret shared information with others and thus becomes sensitive to the works spoken. The Chinese people living in high context culture are highly sensitive to words and hence business owners planning to expand business in this nation must be aware of it. Power distance- This refers to the extent of inequality among individuals that the population of the nation deems as normal. It is basically the degree to which less powerful organizations members accept as well as expect that the power is unequally distributed. As different nations have varied power understandings, there might considerable variations in culture. Hofstede research found out that, China has highest position of power distance characteristics (Minkov Hofstede 2012). As the people inherit Confucianism in Chinese business culture, it leads to cross- cultural miscommunication since it relies on unequal relationships. Nonverbal differences- This mainly indicates the body movement and attitude of the people. Similar body languages might be easily interpreted in different meaning across varied cultures. Non verbal differences can occur if the people from other nations expand their business to China. However, this also leads to cross- cultural miscommunication. Recommendation Some recommendations are provided to Mary for doing business in China, which are described below: The psychology of the Chinese consumer should be understood before expanding business in China Knowledge of the Chinese language should be known Proper knowledge about the Chinese business culture should be taken before expanding the business to this nation. Proper information about Chinese business etiquette should be gathered Conclusion From the above study, it can be concluded that business etiquette is important while doing business in China. Effective business etiquette helps the business owner to achieve success while doing business in China. Moreover, proper cultural communication also aids the business owner to understand the Chinese psychology and provide service according to their preferences. The business owner must adopt proper strategy in order to avoid cross-cultural miscommunication and expand business effectively. References Bochner, S. ed., 2013.Cultures in contact: Studies in cross-cultural interaction(Vol. 1). Elsevier. Carbaugh, D. (Ed.). 2013.Cultural communication and intercultural contact. Routledge. Chua, R.Y., 2012. Building effective business relationships in China.MIT Sloan Management Review,53(4), p.1. Guffey, M. E., Loewy, D. 2012.Essentials of business communication. Cengage Learning. Hurn, B. and Tomalin, B., 2013.Cross-cultural communication: Theory and practice. Springer. Kinloch, P., Metge, J. 2014.Talking past each other: problems of cross cultural communication. Victoria University Press. Lewis, M. and Rowley, C., 2014.Greater China: Political economy, inward investment and business culture. Routledge. Martin, J. S., Chaney, L. H. 2012.Global Business Etiquette: A Guide to International Communication and Customs: A Guide to International Communication and Customs. ABC-CLIO. Minkov, M., Hofstede, G. 2012. Hofstedes fifth dimension: New evidence from the World Values Survey.Journal of cross-cultural psychology,43(1), 3-14. Okoro, E. 2012. Cross-cultural etiquette and communication in global business: Toward a strategic framework for managing corporate expansion.International journal of business and management,7(16), 130. Schulz, A., 2006.Chinese Business Culture. diplom. de. Taras, V., Steel, P., Kirkman, B. L. 2012. Improving national cultural indices using a longitudinal meta-analysis of Hofstede's dimensions.Journal of World Business,47(3), 329-341. Ting-Toomey, S. (2012).Communicating across cultures. Guilford Press.

Satire In Lilliput Essays - Gullivers Travels, Lilliput And Blefuscu

Satire in Lilliput Generations of schoolchildren raised on the first Book of "Gulliver's Travels" have loved it as a delightful visit to a fantasy kingdom full of creatures they can relate to_little creatures, like themselves. Few casual readers look deeply enough to recognize the satire just below the surface. But Jonathan Swift was one of the great satirists of his or any other age, and "Gulliver's Travels" is surely the apex of his art. "Gulliver's Travels" tells the story of Lemuel Gulliver, a ship's surgeon who has a number of rather extraordinary adventures, comprising four sections or "Books." In Book I, his ship is blown off course and Gulliver is shipwrecked. He wakes up flat on his back on the shore, and discovers that he cannot move; he has been bound to the earth by thousands of tiny crisscrossing threads. He soon discovers that his captors are tiny men about six inches high, natives of the land of Lilliput. He is released from his prone position only to be confined in a ruined temple by ninety- one tiny but unbreakable chains. In spite of his predicament, Gulliver is at first impressed by the intelligence and organizational abilities of the Lilliputians. In this section, Swift introduces us to the essential conflict of Book I: the naive, ordinary, but compassionate "Everyman" at the mercy of an army of people with "small minds". Because they are technologically adept, Gulliver does not yet see how small-minded the Lilliputians are. In Chapter II, the Emperor of Lilliput arrives to take a look at the "giant", and Gulliver is equally impressed by the Emperor and his courtiers. They are handsome and richly dressed, and the Emperor attempts to speak to Gulliver civilly (although they are unable to understand one another). The Emperor decrees that every morning Gulliver is to be delivered "six beeves, forty sheep, and other victuals," along with as much bread and wine as he needs, his basic needs are to be attended to, and six scholars are to teach Gulliver the language of his new compatriots. Again, in this chapter, Gulliver is won over by the fact that the Lilliputians are well-dressed and articulate (despite the fact that they speak a language he cannot understand). He is still held captive by these people, both metaphorically, as in being entranced by them, and literally. It is in this chapter that Gulliver first asks to be freed and is refused. As Chapter III opens, Gulliver and his captors have become great friends. Much in the style of a travelogue, Gulliver describes for the reader some of the unusual forms of entertainment practiced by the Lilliputians. For instance, anyone desiring a high position at court is required to jump up and down on a tightrope stretched six inches above the floor (and remember, Lilliputians are only six inches high). Only those who are able to do it win the office, and anyone wishing to remain in office may be asked to do it again. If he fails, he's out the door, and a successful rope-dancer takes his place. Gulliver remarks that it would seem that noble birth or a fine educational background would seem to be better predictors of one's ability to govern than dancing on a rope, but the Lilliputians find no sense in that. A similar "trial" requires office-seekers to jump over or crawl under a stick, sort of a combination vault and limbo exercise. The Emperor, who holds the stick, raises or lowers the stick suddenly and without warning, so the performer is obliged to change tactics midstream. Winners receive a snippet of colored thread, which they wear on their clothing with great pride. Gulliver delights the Emperor by inventing some new forms of entertainment, also; one involves making the calvary perform military maneuvers on the drum-taut surface of his handkerchief, stretched above the ground, but when a rider is thrown, Gulliver stops the game. At the end of this chapter, Gulliver is freed after agreeing to nine silly conditions. Chapter III is where it really gets interesting. Look at the types of entertainment the Lilliputians engage in, and why they do so. Swift makes a point of telling us that the only people who perform the rope dance are people seeking to acquire or maintain a high position at court, so this is actually not a form of "entertainment" at all; it's a form of political selection. And, Swift implies, it makes as much sense as the way many political appointments in his day were made_which is to say it makes no sense at all. The exercise in which the Emperor raises and lowers the stick for